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Also, collagen IV lacks the regular glycine in every third residue necessary for the tight, collagen helix. This makes the overall arrangement more sloppy with kinks. These two features cause the collagen to form in a sheet, the form of the basal lamina. Collagen IV is the more common usage, as opposed to the older terminology of "type-IV ...
Collagen alpha-4(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A4 gene. [5] [6] This gene encodes one of the six subunits of type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. This particular collagen IV subunit, however, is only found in a subset of basement membranes.
Collagen alpha-1(IV) chain (COL4A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A1 gene on chromosome 13. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] It is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues and cell types. [ 7 ] COL4A1 is a subunit of the type IV collagen and plays a role in angiogenesis . [ 8 ]
Type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes, is a multimeric protein composed of 3 alpha subunits; this gene encodes the alpha 3 subunit. These subunits are encoded by 6 different genes, alpha 1 through alpha 6, each of which can form a triple helix structure with 2 other subunits to form type IV collagen.
Collagen alpha-5(IV) chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COL4A5 gene. This gene encodes one of the six subunits of type IV collagen, the major structural component of basement membranes. Mutations in this gene are associated with X-linked Alport syndrome, also known as hereditary nephritis. Like the other members of the type IV ...
Collagen is also abundant in corneas, blood vessels, the gut, intervertebral discs, and the dentin in teeth. [3] In muscle tissue, it serves as a major component of the endomysium. Collagen constitutes 1% to 2% of muscle tissue and 6% by weight of skeletal muscle. [4] The fibroblast is the most common cell creating collagen in animals.