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The Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) was formed in 1984 and works as a specialist technical group of the industry association CropLife to be able to provide a coordinated industry response to prevent or delay the development of insecticide resistance in insect, mite and nematode pests. IRAC strives to facilitate communication and ...
The UN's Food and Agriculture Organization defines IPM as "the careful consideration of all available pest control techniques and subsequent integration of appropriate measures that discourage the development of pest populations and keep pesticides and other interventions to levels that are economically justified and reduce or minimize risks to ...
Pesticide resistance is increasing. Farmers in the US lost 7% of their crops to pests in the 1940s; over the 1980s and 1990s, the loss was 13%, even though more pesticides were being used. [1] Over 500 species of pests have evolved a resistance to a pesticide. [4] Other sources estimate the number to be around 1,000 species since 1945. [5]
Chemical structure of diflubenzuron, a commonly used benzoylurea insecticide. Benzoylureas (BPUs) are chemical derivatives of N-benzoyl-N ′-phenylurea, which are used as insecticides. [1] They do not directly kill the insect, but disrupt moulting and egg hatch, and thus act as insect growth regulators.
Ecosystem services are free services provided by nature that benefits humanity through aesthetics, health, climate regulation, food, etc. [41]) The main goals and purpose of this policy is to create an accurate data record of effective pesticides and lay out direct requirements to pesticide producers, agricultural farmers, universities ...
Sap-feeding insects have developed resistance to nearly all other kinds of insecticides [6] but flupyradifurone is effective at controlling aphids and whitefly, thereby maintaining yields of crops such as vegetables, fruits, cotton, and coffee. [7] It also demonstrated positive toxicological and ecotoxicological safety. [2]
A resistance management plan is intended to sustain the useful life of transgenic technology and well as the utility of the toxin for organic farmers. This is part of the reason the EPA enacts “risk assessments that evaluate the potential for harm to humans, wildlife, fish, and plants, including endangered species and non-target organisms.
Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide that belongs to the phenylpyrazole insecticide class. [3] Fipronil disrupts the insect central nervous system by blocking the ligand-gated ion channel of the GABA A receptor (IRAC group 2B) and glutamate-gated chloride (GluCl) channels. This causes hyperexcitation of contaminated insects' nerves and muscles.