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Lithography was invented by Alois Senefelder [1] in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1796. In the early days of lithography, a smooth piece of limestone was used (hence the name "lithography": "lithos" (λιθος) is the Ancient Greek word for "stone"). After the oil-based image was put on the surface, a solution of gum arabic in water was applied ...
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The Union of Lithographers, Lithographic Printers and Kindred Trades (German: Verband der Lithographen, Steindrucker und verwandten Berufe) was a trade union representing printers in Germany. It was sometimes referred to as the Senefelder Union, after Alois Senefelder, the inventor of lithography.
Monument to Alois Senefelder in Solnhofen. Problems with the printing of his play Mathilde von Altenstein caused him to fall into debt, and unable to afford to publish a new play he had written, Senefelder experimented with a novel etching technique using a greasy, acid resistant ink as a resist on a smooth fine-grained stone of Solnhofen limestone.
The original source for lithographic limestone was the Solnhofen Limestone, named after the quarries of Solnhofen where it was first found. This is a late Jurassic deposit, part of a deposit of plattenkalk (a very fine-grained limestone that splits into thin plates, usually micrite) that extends through the Swabian Alb and Franconian Alb in Southern Germany. [5]
Hermann Joseph Mitterer (8 October 1762, [1] Altenmarkt, Osterhofen, Lower Bavaria – 25 April 1829, Munich), was a German drawing teacher, founder of Munich's Feiertägliche Zeichnungsschule (Holiday Drawing School) in 1792 and co-founder of Feiertagsschule München (Holiday School Munich) in 1793, forerunners of later vocational schools. On ...
Adolph Friedländer (17 April 1851 – 7 July 1904) was a famed German lithographer of posters and a publisher hailing from Hamburg.His printshop produced over 9,000 posters between 1872 and 1935, predominantly for artists, magicians and circus and vaudeville performers.
Godefroy Engelmann, Courcy Castle, lithograph, 1826 Godefroy Engelmann was born in 1788 in Mühlhausen, a small town near the France/Switzerland/Germany border. At the time of his birth Mulhouse was a free German republic associated with the Swiss Confederation, but was annexed by France 10 years later.