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Xerxes I (/ ˈ z ɜː r k ˌ s iː z / ZURK-seez [2] [a] c. 518 – August 465 BC), commonly known as Xerxes the Great, [4] was a Persian ruler who served as the fourth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, reigning from 486 BC until his assassination in 465 BC.
From the empire's inception, the Seljuk rulers minted coins with the title šāhānšāh ('King of Kings') in its Persian form, [166] perhaps adopting it from the Buyids. [153] Later on, the rulers more prominently used the Arabic title sulṭān and royal styles such as the Arabic malik and Persian šāh were bestowed on vassals. [ 166 ]
The Rashidun Empire reached its greatest extent under Caliph Uthman, in 654 For more comprehensive lists of kings and sub-kings of this Era see: Muslim dynasties of Iran
The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire, [16] also known as the Persian Empire [16] or First Persian Empire [17] (/ ə ˈ k iː m ə n ɪ d /; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' [ 18 ] or 'The Kingdom' [ 19 ] ), was an Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty in 550 BC.
Artaxerxes I (/ ˌ ɑːr t ə ˈ z ɜːr k s iː z /, Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠 Artaxšaçāʰ; [2] [3] Ancient Greek: Ἀρταξέρξης) [4] was the fifth King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire, from 465 to December 424 BC. [5] [6] He was the third son of Xerxes I.
Battle of Marathon, Persian Empire is defeated by Greek states. 486 BC: Darius the Great dies; Xerxes I the Great succeeds him as King of Kings. 484 BC: The Babylonian Revolt, led by two pretenders to the Babylonian throne, is crushed by Xerxes. 480 BC: The Achaemenid Empire under Xerxes invades mainland Greece, reaching its greatest extent ...
Xerxes II, his son, ruled 424 - 423 BC. ... Unknown king (probably the same ... Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 ...
Conquered the Mede empire c. 550, thus founding the Persian Empire; [10] conquered Lydia in 547, which already controlled several Hellenic cities on the Anatolian coast; soon extended his control to include them; conquered the Neo-Babylonian Empire in 539, freeing the Hebrews enslaved by the Babylonians. Cambyses II: 530–522 BC