Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
As most definitions of color difference are distances within a color space, the standard means of determining distances is the Euclidean distance.If one presently has an RGB (red, green, blue) tuple and wishes to find the color difference, computationally one of the easiest is to consider R, G, B linear dimensions defining the color space.
For semiconductor alloys it may be necessary to use Vegard's law to calculate these values. Once the relative positions of the conduction and valence bands for both semiconductors are known, Anderson's rule allows the calculation of the band offsets of both the valence band ( Δ E v {\displaystyle \Delta E_{\rm {v}}} ) and the conduction band ...
Any non-linear differentiable function, (,), of two variables, and , can be expanded as + +. If we take the variance on both sides and use the formula [11] for the variance of a linear combination of variables (+) = + + (,), then we obtain | | + | | +, where is the standard deviation of the function , is the standard deviation of , is the standard deviation of and = is the ...
The intuition of the delta method is that any such g function, in a "small enough" range of the function, can be approximated via a first order Taylor series (which is basically a linear function). If the random variable is roughly normal then a linear transformation of it is also normal.
n u is the number of particles in an upper (e.g. excited) state; g u is the statistical weight of those upper-state particles; n l is the number of particles in a lower (e.g. ground) state; g l is the statistical weight of those lower-state particles; exp is the exponential function; k is the Boltzmann constant;
Since e is an irrational number (see proof that e is irrational), it cannot be represented as the quotient of two integers, but it can be represented as a continued fraction. Using calculus, e may also be represented as an infinite series, infinite product, or other types of limit of a sequence.
This formula can be very useful in determining the residues for low-order poles. For higher-order poles, the calculations can become unmanageable, and series expansion is usually easier. For essential singularities, no such simple formula exists, and residues must usually be taken directly from series expansions.
δ is a reaction constant that describes the susceptibility of a reaction series to steric effects. For the definition reaction series δ was set to 1 and E s for the reference reaction was set to zero. This equation is combined with the equation for σ* to give the full Taft equation.