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Xu explains that, out of the 400 million children in China, “26.6% of Chinese children have suffered physical abuse, 19.6% emotional abuse, 8.7% sexual abuse, and 26% neglect” (107). [ citation needed ] This represents a staggering number of children who are enduring significant hardship.
Forced abortions associated with administration of the one-child policy have occurred in the People's Republic of China; they are a violation of Chinese law and are not official policy. [5] They result from government pressure on local officials who, in turn, employ strong-arm tactics on pregnant mothers. [ 6 ]
Early in the 1980s, senior officials became increasingly concerned with reports of abandonment and female infanticide by parents desperate for a son. In 1984, the government attempted to address the issue by adjusting the one-child policy. Couples whose first child is a girl are allowed to have a second child. [4]
The National Center on Child Abuse and Neglect (NCCAN) is a national center that was established within the Children's Bureau, Department of Health and Human Services, an agency of the Federal government of the United States. It was created by the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (CAPTA) of 1974.
The China Welfare Institute (CWI; 中国福利会) was founded by Soong Ching Ling, the wife of Sun Yat-sen, in Hong Kong on June 14, 1938. It is one of the oldest and most influential NGOs nationwide in China.
From 1991 to 2018, the maternal mortality ratio in China decreased dramatically from 80 to 18.3 deaths per 100,000 live births. [21] Due to political calls to modernize and adopt Western biomedical technology, medical interventions are common in labor and delivery when performed in private, women-baby or state-run hospitals.
The one-child policy had various exemptions, including twins, rural families who could have more children due to the necessities of farm work, and ethnic minorities. [20]: 58 The strict limitation of one child applied to approximately 35% of China's population. [22]: 63 The 1980 Marriage Law described birth planning as a national duty.
The conference received considerable media attention due to disputes regarding the assertion of reproductive rights.The Holy See and several predominantly Islamic nations were staunch critics, and U.S. President Bill Clinton received considerable criticism from conservatives for his participation, considering the fact that President Ronald Reagan did not attend or fund the previous conference ...