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The One Unit Scheme (Urdu: ون یونٹ; Bengali: এক ইউনিট ব্যবস্থা) was the reorganisation of the provinces of Pakistan by the central Pakistani government. It was led by Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra on 22 November 1954 and passed on 30 September 1955.
The Third Balochistan Conflict refers to an insurgency by Baloch separatists against the Pakistani government lasting from 1963 till 1969 with the aim to force Pakistan to share revenues from gas reserves in Balochistan, freeing up of Baloch prisoners and dissolution of One Unit Scheme.
The One Unit Scheme was the reorganisation of the provinces of Pakistan by the central Pakistani government. It was led by Prime Minister Muhammad Ali Bogra on 22 November 1954 and passed on 30 September 1955.
On 31 October 1955, a large crowd of Afghan rioters attacked the Pakistani embassy in Kabul and the Pakistani consulates in Jalalabad and Kandahar after being angered by the Pakistani government's amalgamation of the North-West Frontier Province (and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas) into West Pakistan, which was created by the One Unit Scheme.
The LFO also dissolved the "One Unit scheme", which had combined the four provinces of the western wing to constitute the political unit of West Pakistan. [3] [4] The LFO also stipulated that the future Constitution was to include five principles. [9] The state's Islamic ideology and reserving the role of the Head of State for Muslims exclusively.
In 1955, Prime Minister Mohammad Ali Bogra implemented the One Unit scheme which merged the four western provinces into a single unit called West Pakistan while East Bengal was renamed as East Pakistan. [4] Pakistan ended its dominion status and adopted a republican constitution in 1956, which proclaimed an Islamic republic. [5]
The One Unit Scheme would unite the provinces of Balochistan, Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Sindh, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas into one province known as the West Pakistan province, the One Unit Scheme ideology of removing inequality between East and West Pakistan by promoting the One Unit program was founded by several statesmen ...
The One Unit scheme was essentially an anti-democratic provocation meant to stop East Bengal from taking advantage of its numerical superiority. It also alienated the smaller provinces of West Pakistan by robbing the Sindhis, Baluchis and Pashtuns of their provincial identities.