Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
the gamma function, a generalization of the factorial [13] the upper incomplete gamma function; the modular group, the group of fractional linear transformations; the gamma distribution, a continuous probability distribution defined using the gamma function [14] second-order sensitivity to price in mathematical finance
In mechanics and geometry, the 3D rotation group, often denoted SO(3), is the group of all rotations about the origin of three-dimensional Euclidean space under the operation of composition.
The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC. [2] [3] It was derived from the earlier Phoenician alphabet, [4] and is the earliest known alphabetic script to have developed distinct letters for vowels as well as consonants. [5]
All three of the Pauli matrices can be compacted into a single expression: = (+), where the solution to i 2 = −1 is the "imaginary unit", and δ jk is the Kronecker delta, which equals +1 if j = k and 0 otherwise.
In mathematics, a Chevalley basis for a simple complex Lie algebra is a basis constructed by Claude Chevalley with the property that all structure constants are integers. . Chevalley used these bases to construct analogues of Lie groups over finite fields, called Chevalle
Dr. Bethe, who received a copy of the manuscript, did not object, and, as a matter of fact, was quite helpful in subsequent discussions. There was, however, a rumor that later, when the alpha, beta, gamma theory went temporarily on the rocks, Dr. Bethe seriously considered changing his name to Zacharias.
In particle physics, the Dirac equation is a relativistic wave equation derived by British physicist Paul Dirac in 1928. In its free form, or including electromagnetic interactions, it describes all spin-1/2 massive particles, called "Dirac particles", such as electrons and quarks for which parity is a symmetry.
The defining property for the gamma matrices to generate a Clifford algebra is the anticommutation relation {,} = + = ,where the curly brackets {,} represent the anticommutator, is the Minkowski metric with signature (+ − − −), and is the 4 × 4 identity matrix.