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The syndrome acquired its most widely used name due to the common sign on ultrasound examination of multiple (poly) ovarian cysts. These "cysts" are in fact immature ovarian follicles . The follicles have developed from primordial follicles, but this development has stopped ("arrested") at an early stage, due to the disturbed ovarian function.
Ultrasound of a polycystic ovary. Each of the dark circles represents a fluid-filled cyst. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder characterized by an excess of androgens produced by the ovaries. It is estimated that approximately 90% of women with PCOS demonstrate hypersecretion of these hormones. [18]
Ovarian reserve is a term that is used to determine the capacity of the ovary to provide egg cells that are capable of fertilization resulting in a healthy and successful pregnancy. With advanced maternal age , the number of egg cell that can be successfully recruited for a possible pregnancy declines, constituting a major factor in the inverse ...
It plays a central role in the multiple imbalances and dysfunctions of polycystic ovary syndrome. During the first two years after menarche 50% of the menstrual cycles could be anovulatory cycles. It is in fact possible to restore ovulation using appropriate medication, and ovulation is successfully restored in approximately 90% of cases.
Increasing body weight is also thought to be linked to the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). [8] PCOS is a very common endocrine disorder among women who are reproductively active with a prevalence of 5-10%. [19] Many women who have PCOS are also obese, and it is estimated that the prevalence of obesity in women with PCOS is 35 ...
During ultrasound examinations, sometimes echogenicity is higher in certain parts of body. Fatty liver could cause increased echogenicity in the liver, especially if the liver transaminases are elevated. [3] Women with polycystic ovary syndrome may also show an increase in stromal echogenicity.
Diagnostic imaging such ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be done to evaluate for any abnormalities of the internal genitalia, tumors in the pituitary gland or in the brain, and ovarian cysts for possibilities of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). [9] [10]
The word “polycystic” in polycystic ovary syndrome refers to the development of multiple cysts on a woman’s ovaries. These result from follicles in the ovaries that fail to release eggs ...