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Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, [1] [2] is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations Na + and hydroxide anions OH −. Sodium hydroxide is a highly corrosive base and alkali that decomposes lipids and proteins at ambient temperatures and may cause severe ...
A smaller H + concentration means a greater OH − concentration and, therefore, a greater K b and a greater pH. NaOH (s) (sodium hydroxide) is a stronger base than (CH 3 CH 2) 2 NH (l) (diethylamine) which is a stronger base than NH 3 (g) (ammonia). As the bases get weaker, the smaller the K b values become. [1]
A strong acid, such as hydrochloric acid, at concentration 1 mol dm −3 has a pH of 0, while a strong alkali like sodium hydroxide, at the same concentration, has a pH of 14. Since pH is a logarithmic scale, a difference of one in pH is equivalent to a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration.
For example, sodium hydroxide, NaOH, is a strong base. NaOH(aq) → Na + (aq) + OH − (aq) Therefore, when a strong acid reacts with a strong base the neutralization reaction can be written as H + + OH − → H 2 O. For example, in the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide the sodium and chloride ions, Na + and Cl − take ...
Pellets of soda lye (sodium hydroxide) Pellets of potash lye (potassium hydroxide)Lye is a hydroxide, either sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.The word lye most accurately refers to sodium hydroxide (NaOH), [citation needed] but historically has been conflated to include other alkali materials, most notably potassium hydroxide (KOH).
The relative concentration of undissociated acid is shown in blue, and of its conjugate base in red. The pH changes relatively slowly in the buffer region, pH = pK a ± 1, centered at pH = 4.7, where [HA] = [A −]. The hydrogen ion concentration decreases by less than the amount expected because most of the added hydroxide ion is consumed in ...
The pH of a solution is equal to the decimal cologarithm of the hydrogen cation concentration; [note 2] the pH of pure water is close to 7 at ambient temperatures. The concentration of hydroxide ions can be expressed in terms of pOH, which is close to (14 − pH), [note 3] so the pOH of pure water is also close to 7. Addition of a base to water ...
A liquid fat sample combined with neutralized 95% ethanol is titrated with standardized sodium hydroxide of 0.1 eq/L normality to a phenolphthalein endpoint. The volume and normality of the sodium hydroxide are used, along with the weight of the sample, to calculate the free fatty acid value. [3]