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Lactic acid is used as a food preservative, curing agent, and flavoring agent. [51] It is an ingredient in processed foods and is used as a decontaminant during meat processing. [52] Lactic acid is produced commercially by fermentation of carbohydrates such as glucose, sucrose, or lactose, or by chemical synthesis. [51]
The anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid) system is dominant from about 10–30 seconds during a maximal effort. It produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule, [3] or about 5% of glucose's energy potential (38 ATP molecules). [4] [5] The speed at which ATP is produced is about 100 times that of oxidative phosphorylation. [1]
Lactic acid fermentation is a metabolic process by which glucose or other six-carbon sugars (also, disaccharides of six-carbon sugars, e.g. sucrose or lactose) are converted into cellular energy and the metabolite lactate, which is lactic acid in solution.
Calcium lactate has insufficient acid-neutralizing capacity caused by its weak base formation. The lactate ion (C 3 H 5 O 3 −) is the conjugate base of lactic acid, which is a weak acid. When calcium lactate dissolves in water, it releases lactate ions that can slightly increase the pH of the aqueous solution.
Iron(II) lactate can be produced through several reactions, among which are calcium lactate with iron(II) sulfate according to the following reaction: [3] Ca(C 3 H 5 O 3) 2 (aq) + FeSO 4 (aq) → CaSO 4 ↓ + Fe(C 3 H 5 O 3) 2 (aq) Another route yielding iron(II) lactate is to combine lactic acid with calcium carbonate and iron(II) sulfate.
Lactic acid, in turn, derives its name from its original isolation from soured milk (Latin: lac, lactis). The name was coined in 1844 by the French chemist Théophile-Jules Pelouze, who first obtained it as a derivative of lactic acid. [5] An internal dehydration reaction within the same molecule of lactic acid would have produced alpha ...
Sodium lactate is the sodium salt of lactic acid, and has a mild saline taste.It is produced by fermentation of a sugar source, such as maize or beets, and then, by neutralizing the resulting lactic acid [4] to create a compound having the formula NaC 3 H 5 O 3.
Ringer's lactate solution is an example where the conjugate base of an organic acid, lactic acid, CH 3 CH(OH)CO − 2 is combined with sodium, calcium and potassium cations and chloride anions in distilled water [ 4 ] which together form a fluid which is isotonic in relation to human blood and is used for fluid resuscitation after blood loss ...