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The binary signal is encoded using rectangular pulse-amplitude modulation with polar NRZ(L), or polar non-return-to-zero-level code. In telecommunications, a non-return-to-zero (NRZ) line code is a binary code in which ones are represented by one significant condition, usually a positive voltage, while zeros are represented by some other significant condition, usually a negative voltage, with ...
In telecommunication, coded mark inversion (CMI) is a non-return-to-zero (NRZ) line code. It encodes zero bits as a half bit time of zero followed by a half bit time of one, and while one bits are encoded as a full bit time of a constant level. The level used for one bits alternates each time one is coded.
NRZ (Non-Return-to-Zero) - Traditionally, a unipolar scheme was designed as a non-return-to-zero (NRZ) scheme, in which the positive voltage defines bit 1 and the zero voltage defines bit 0. It is called NRZ because the signal does not return to zero at the middle of the bit, as instead happens in other line coding schemes, such as Manchester ...
Each transmitted code word in a constant-weight code is designed such that every code word that contains some positive or negative levels also contains enough of the opposite levels, such that the average level over each code word is zero. Examples of constant-weight codes include Manchester code and Interleaved 2 of 5. Use a paired disparity ...
A macro is created by the user or pre-installed with Excel. Template .xlt: A pre-formatted spreadsheet created by the user or by Microsoft Excel. Module .xlv: A module is written in VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) for Microsoft Excel Library .DLL: Code written in VBA may access functions in a DLL, typically this is used to access the ...
Because the data is NRZ encoded for transmission, rather than NRZI encoded, the encoded waveform is different, RS-232 sends bits in groups of 8, making adding single bits very awkward, and; For the same reason, it is only necessary to specially code flag bytes; it is not necessary to worry about the bit pattern straddling multiple bytes.
The two coincide in fact in NRZ transmission; they do not coincide in a 2B1Q transmission, where one pulse takes the time of two bits. For example, in a serial line with a baud rate of 2.5 Gbit/s, a unit interval is 1/(2.5 Gbit/s) = 0.4 ns/baud.
Was one of the big three spreadsheets (the others being Lotus 123 and Excel). EasyOffice EasySpreadsheet – for MS Windows. No longer freeware, this suite aims to be more user friendly than competitors. Framework – for MS Windows. Historical office suite still available and supported. It includes a spreadsheet.