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  2. Market failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_failure

    Different economists have different views about what events are the sources of market failure. Mainstream economic analysis widely accepts that a market failure (relative to Pareto efficiency) can occur for three main reasons: if the market is "monopolised" or a small group of businesses hold significant market power, if production of the good or service results in an externality (external ...

  3. Spillover (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spillover_(economics)

    19th century economists John Stuart Mill and Henry Sidgwick are credited with founding the early concepts related to spillover effects. These ideas extend upon Adam Smith's famous ‘Invisible Hand’ theory which is a price that suggests prices can be naturally determined by the forces of supply and demand to form a market price and market quantity where buyers and sellers are willing to make ...

  4. Economic liberalism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Liberalism

    Free trade, deregulation, tax cuts, privatization, labour market flexibility, and opposition to trade unions are also common positions. [ 4 ] Economic liberalism can be contrasted with protectionism because of its support for free trade and an open economy , and is considered opposed to planned economies and non-capitalist economic orders, such ...

  5. Information asymmetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_asymmetry

    Information asymmetry occurs in situations where some parties have more information regarding an issue than others. It is considered a major cause of market failure. [56] The contribution of information asymmetry to market failure arises from the fact that it impairs with the free hand which is expected to guide how modern markets work.

  6. Free-rider problem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-rider_problem

    In economics, the free-rider problem is a type of market failure that occurs when those who benefit from resources, public goods and common pool resources [a] do not pay for them [1] or under-pay. Free riders may overuse common pool resources by not paying for them, neither directly through fees or tolls, nor indirectly through taxes.

  7. There's a silver lining for markets as investors recover from ...

    www.aol.com/theres-silver-lining-markets...

    The market crash on Monday could mark the start of a longer period of broadening gains. Software stocks were a bright spot amid the DeepSeek sell-off.

  8. Category:Market failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Market_failure

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  9. Wall Street muted as caution prevails ahead of Fed decision - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/futures-inch-higher-markets...

    Wall Street's main indexes were subdued in choppy trading on Wednesday, as investors anticipated an interest rate cut from the Federal Reserve in its final meeting of the year and awaited clues on ...