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A pteridophyte is a vascular plant (with xylem and phloem) that reproduces by means of spores. Because pteridophytes produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are sometimes referred to as "cryptogams", meaning that their means of reproduction is hidden. They are also the ancestors of the plants we see today.
Ferns and lycophytes share a life cycle and are often collectively treated or studied, for example by the International Association of Pteridologists and the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group. 23,420 species of vascular plant have been recorded in South Africa, making it the sixth most species-rich country in the world and the most species-rich ...
Living order of Lycophytes and ferns are taken from Christenhusz et al. 2011b [2] and Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group. [3] Living orders of Gymnosperms are added from Christenhusz et al. 2011a [4] while extinct orders are from Anderson, Anderson & Cleal 2007. [5]
Polystichum setiferum, a fern Grimmia pulvinata, a moss Pelvetia canaliculata, a brown alga Hypholoma fasciculare, a fungus. A cryptogam (scientific name Cryptogamae) is a plant, in the broad sense of the word, or a plant-like organism that share similar characteristics, such as being multicellular, photosynthetic, and primarily immobile, that reproduces via spores rather than through flowers ...
The genus Ophioglossum has the highest chromosome counts of any known plant. The record holder is Ophioglossum reticulatum, with about 630 pairs of chromosomes (1260 chromosomes per cell). [3] Other measurements have indicated a chromosome number up to 1440 (n = 720). [4] For comparison, humans have 46 chromosomes, consisting of n = 23 pairs.
The following phylogram shows a likely relationship between the other vascular plant classes and the leptosporangiate ferns. It was formerly unclear about the relationship between Equisetopsida , Psilotopsida , and Marattiopsida , [ 14 ] [ 15 ] [ 16 ] but recent studies have shown that Equisetopsida is most likely sister to Psilotopsida.
What they look like: Chiggers, a type of small mite, typically leave clusters of bites that are often very itchy. In many cases, chigger bites appear as small, red and itchy bumps. Sometimes, they ...
Dryopteris filix-mas was throughout much of recent human history widely used as a vermifuge, and was the only fern listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia. Traditional use in Scandinavia against red mite ( Dermanyssus gallinae ) infestation is to place fronds in nesting boxes under nesting material and under floor covering material.