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Macedonia (Ancient Greek: Μακεδονία) [2] [3] was a province of ancient Rome, encompassing the territory of the former Antigonid Kingdom of Macedonia, which had been conquered by the Roman Republic in 168 BC at the conclusion of the Third Macedonian War.
According to Polybius, [4] who sought to trace how Rome came to dominate the Greek east in less than a century, Rome's wars with Greece were set in motion after several Greek city-states sought Roman protection against the Macedonian Kingdom and Seleucid Empire in the face of a destabilizing situation created by the weakening of Ptolemaic Egypt ...
The Third Mithridatic War (73–63 BC), in which Rome conquered both the Kingdom of Pontus and Syria. The Pontic War (48–47 BC), in which Rome defeated Pharnaces II, who had plans to restore the Kingdom of Pontus. The War of Actium (32–30 BC), in which Rome delivered the final blow by conquering Ptolemaic Egypt and ending the Hellenistic ...
The city's name is said to derive from a small joke among divinity students at Western Reserve College, which in the early 19th century was in Hudson, Ohio.The students, who were called upon to preach in the small hamlet 6 miles (10 km) to the north, recalled Acts 16:10: "...we sought to go to Macedonia, concluding that the Lord had called us to preach the gospel to them."
The Fourth Macedonian War (150–148 BC) was fought between Macedon, led by the pretender Andriscus, and the Roman Republic.It was the last of the Macedonian Wars, and was the last war to seriously threaten Roman control of Greece until the First Mithridatic War sixty years later.
Macedonia and the Seleucid Empire agreed to an alliance to conquer and divide Egypt. [84] Fearing this increasingly unstable situation, several small Greek kingdoms sent delegations to Rome to seek an alliance. [85] Rome gave Philip an ultimatum to cease his campaigns against Rome's new Greek allies.
Macedonia, the Achaean League, and other Greek city-states maintained their alliance with Rome. [194] The Romans defeated the Seleucids in the 191 BC Battle of Thermopylae as well as the Battle of Magnesia in 190 BC, forcing the Seleucids to pay a war indemnity , dismantle most of its navy, and abandon its claims to any territories north or ...
The First Macedonian War (214–205 BC) was fought by Rome, allied (after 211 BC) with the Aetolian League and Attalus I of Pergamon, against Philip V of Macedon, contemporaneously with the Second Punic War (218–201 BC) against Carthage.