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Bilirubin (BR) (from the Latin for "red bile") is a red-orange compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates.This catabolism is a necessary process in the body's clearance of waste products that arise from the destruction of aged or abnormal red blood cells. [3]
[medical citation needed] Bilirubin is an orange yellow bile pigment that is produced as a byproduct of hemoglobin as red blood cells break down . Bilirubin is then metabolized in the liver, recycled, and excreted in the bowel movements.
The liver breaks down bilirubin via glucuronidation, facilitating its excretion into bile. The liver is responsible for the breakdown and excretion of many waste products. It plays a key role in breaking down or modifying toxic substances (e.g., methylation) and most medicinal products in a process called drug metabolism.
This is due to a mix of things, including bile that breaks down fats passing through your digestive system, bilirubin (a substance that’s created when red blood cells leave your body as a waste ...
Excretion of bilirubin from liver to biliary canaliculi is an active, energy-dependent and rate-limiting process. The intestinal bacteria deconjugate bilirubin diglucuronide releasing free bilirubin, which can either be reabsorbed or reduced to urobilinogen by the bacterial enzyme bilirubin reductase.
Macrophages break down senescent erythrocytes and break the heme down into biliverdin along with hemosiderin, in which biliverdin normally rapidly reduces to free bilirubin. [1] [3] Biliverdin is seen briefly in some bruises as a green color. In bruises, its breakdown into bilirubin leads to a yellowish color. [2]
"This gene usually controls an enzyme that helps break down bilirubin in your liver," the Mayo Clinic website reads. "When you have an ineffective gene, your blood contains excess amounts of ...
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