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Chenla or Zhenla (Chinese: 真臘; pinyin: Zhēnlà; Wade–Giles: Chen-la; Khmer: ចេនឡា, romanized: Chénla, Khmer pronunciation:; Vietnamese: Chân Lạp) is the Chinese designation for the vassal of the kingdom of Funan [1] preceding the Khmer Empire that existed from around the late 6th to the early 9th century in Indochina.
Jayavarman, the ruler of Lower Chenla, [3] became King consort of Sambhupura by marrying her. [1] It seems that the kingdom of Sambhupura was Land Chenla and the kingdom of Vyadhapura was Water Chenla . [4] Her daughter queen Jyeṣṭhāryā succeeded her on the throne by 803.
The Khmer Empire was preceded by Chenla, a polity with shifting centres of power, which was split into Land Chenla and Water Chenla in the early 8th century. [77] By the late 8th century Water Chenla was absorbed by the Malays of the Srivijaya Empire and the Javanese of the Shailandra Empire and eventually incorporated into Java and Srivijaya. [74]
According to Paul Pelliot, Sambhupura was the capital of Land Chenla (Upper Chenla). [3] Today, the site of old Isanapura contains the ruins of 150 temples and buildings, which are a few centuries older than that of the Khmer Empire around Angkor Wat. During the Vietnam War, some of these temples were completely destroyed by US bombers.
Land Chenla was known to the Chinese as "Po Lou" or "Wen Dan" and dispatched a trade mission to the Tang dynasty court in 717 CE. Water Chenla, would come under repeated attack from Champa, the Mataram sea kingdoms in Indonesia based in Java, and finally pirates. From the instability the Khmer emerged.
Female successors of Upper Chenla (Land Chenla) 11 Queen Indrani: Indrani c.713–760 12 Queen Nṛpatendradevī: Nrpatendradevi c.760–780 13 Queen Jayendrabhā: Jayendrabha c.780–802 14 Queen Jyeṣṭhāryā: Jyestharya c.802–803 Male successors of Lower Chenla (Water Chenla) 11 Pushkaraksha Pushkaraksha c.713–730 12 Shambhuvarman
Because inscriptions, dated between 681 and 713, don't name a sovereign and Chinese records state that the kingdom split into Land Chenla and Water Chenla after 707. [ 1 ] In 713, she left an inscription at Angkor in which she laments the bad times of the kingdom, and mention the donation she made to the sanctuary of Siva Tripurankata , which ...
Female successors of Upper Chenla (Land Chenla) 11 Queen Indrani: Indrani c.713–760 12 Queen Nṛpatendradevī: Nrpatendradevi c.760–780 13 Queen Jayendrabhā: Jayendrabha c.780–802 14 Queen Jyeṣṭhāryā: Jyestharya c.802–803 Male successors of Lower Chenla (Water Chenla) 11 Pushkaraksha Pushkaraksha c.713–730 12 Shambhuvarman