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A renal cyst is a fluid collection in or on the kidney. There are several types based on the Bosniak classification. The majority are benign, simple cysts that can be monitored and not intervened upon. However, some are cancerous or are suspicious for cancer and are commonly removed in a surgical procedure called nephrectomy.
The term nephrocalcinosis is used to describe the deposition of both calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate. [ 1 ] It may cause acute kidney injury. It is now more commonly used to describe diffuse, fine, renal parenchymal calcification in radiology. [ 2 ] It is caused by multiple different conditions and is determined by progressive kidney ...
Kidney stone disease. Kidney stone disease, also known as renal calculus disease, nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a crystallopathy where a solid piece of material (renal calculus) develops in the urinary tract. [ 2 ] Renal calculi typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream. [ 2 ]
Dystrophic calcification (DC) is the calcification occurring in degenerated or necrotic tissue, as in hyalinized scars, degenerated foci in leiomyomas, and caseous nodules. This occurs as a reaction to tissue damage, [1] including as a consequence of medical device implantation. Dystrophic calcification can occur even if the amount of calcium ...
Renal cysts have been reported in more than 50% of patients over the age of 50. [2] Typically, cysts grow up to 2.88 mm annually and may cause related pain and/or hemorrhage. [2] Of the cystic kidney diseases, the most common is polycystic kidney disease with two sub-types: the less prevalent autosomal recessive and more prevalent autosomal ...
Pathophysiology. Hydronephrosis is caused by obstruction of urine before the renal pelvis. The obstruction causes dilation of the nephron tubules and flattening of the lining of the tubules within the kidneys which in turn causes swelling of the renal calyces. [4] Hydronephrosis can either be acute or chronic.
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