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Physical scientists often use the term root mean square as a synonym for standard deviation when it can be assumed the input signal has zero mean, that is, referring to the square root of the mean squared deviation of a signal from a given baseline or fit. [8] [9] This is useful for electrical engineers in calculating the "AC only" RMS of a signal.
In fluid dynamics, normalized root mean square deviation (NRMSD), coefficient of variation (CV), and percent RMS are used to quantify the uniformity of flow behavior such as velocity profile, temperature distribution, or gas species concentration. The value is compared to industry standards to optimize the design of flow and thermal equipment ...
When a dynamical system fluctuates about some well-defined average position, the RMSD from the average over time can be referred to as the RMSF or root mean square fluctuation. The size of this fluctuation can be measured, for example using Mössbauer spectroscopy or nuclear magnetic resonance , and can provide important physical information.
Foremost, the nucleus can be modeled as a sphere of positive charge for the interpretation of electron scattering experiments: the electrons "see" a range of cross-sections, for which a mean can be taken. The qualification of "rms" (root mean square) arises because it is the nuclear cross-section, proportional to the square of the radius, which ...
Ruze's equation is an equation relating the gain of an antenna to the root mean square (RMS) of the antenna's random surface errors. The equation was originally developed for parabolic reflector antennas, and later extended to phased arrays.
Contemporary electronic RMS detectors had "normal", linear outputs, and were built exactly following the definition of RMS. The detector would compute square of the input signal, time-average the square using a low-pass filter or an integrator , and then compute square root of that average to produce linear, not logarithmic, output.
In fluid dynamics, turbulence kinetic energy (TKE) is the mean kinetic energy per unit mass associated with eddies in turbulent flow.Physically, the turbulence kinetic energy is characterized by measured root-mean-square (RMS) velocity fluctuations.
The second moment of a random variable, () is also called the mean square. The square root of a mean square is known as the root mean square (RMS or rms), and can be used as an estimate of the standard deviation of a random variable when the random variable is zero-mean.