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Kier boiling and ''Boiling off'' is the scouring process that involves boiling the materials with the caustic solution in the Kier, which is an enclosed vessel, so that the fabric can boil under pressure. [48] [49] [50] Open kiers were also used with temperatures below 100 °C (at atmospheric pressure). [46]
Various weft machines can be configured to produce textiles from a single spool of yarn or multiple spools, depending on the size of the machine cylinder (in which the needles are bedded). In a warp knit , there are many pieces of yarn and there are vertical chains, zigzagged together by crossing the cotton yarn.
However, as the fabrics age, the metals in the fibres accelerate their decay and cause them to become extremely brittle, an effect sped up in part by the addition of 10–15% weight in metallic salt added to some fabrics by manufacturers. This has the effect of shredding, or "shattering", the silk fibre, with the environment and conservation of ...
The process of quilting uses a needle and thread to join two or more layers of material to make a quilt. The quilter's hand or sewing machine passes the needle and thread through all layers and then brings the needle back up. The process is repeated across the entire area where quilting is wanted.
Logo. Oeko-Tex is a registered trade mark of the International Association for Research and Testing in the Field of Textile and Leather Ecology. It is used to represent the product labels and company certificates issued by the Association.
Backing fabrics must be durable and able to withstand tensioned in order to offer support, but not so heavy that it causes strain on the original textile. The fabric should extend beyond the damaged areas in combination with appropriate stitching in weak areas when used in combination with local repairs and visual compensation techniques. [6]
Crepe is a silk fabric of a gauzy texture, having a peculiar crisp or crimpy appearance. crazy quilt Crazy quilting is the textile art of patchworking. crinoline Crinoline was originally a stiff fabric with a weft of horse-hair and a warp of cotton or linen thread. The fabric first appeared around 1830. Cross-stitch
Fabric quality addresses fabric-related issues. Fabric inspection is a step of visual examination apart from the performance criteria; It finds various flaws and irregularities. Accordingly, it grades the fabrics as per quality level, fabric weight, shading color, number, and size of the defects.