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Foliation in geology refers to repetitive layering in metamorphic rocks. [1] Each layer can be as thin as a sheet of paper, or over a meter in thickness. [ 1 ] The word comes from the Latin folium , meaning "leaf", and refers to the sheet-like planar structure. [ 1 ]
2-dimensional section of Reeb foliation 3-dimensional model of Reeb foliation. In mathematics (differential geometry), a foliation is an equivalence relation on an n-manifold, the equivalence classes being connected, injectively immersed submanifolds, all of the same dimension p, modeled on the decomposition of the real coordinate space R n into the cosets x + R p of the standardly embedded ...
Foliation is separated into two groups: primary and secondary. Primary deals with igneous and sedimentary rocks, while secondary deals with rocks that undergo metamorphism as a result of deformation. Cleavage is a type of secondary foliation associated with fine grained rocks.
Foliation may not correspond to the original sedimentary layering, but instead is in planes perpendicular to the direction of metamorphic compression. [1] The foliation in slate, called "slaty cleavage", [1] is caused by strong compression in which fine-grained clay forms flakes to regrow in planes perpendicular to the compression. [1]
The foliation of this type is not strong. S-Tectonites are the fabric that is dominantly a foliation fabric which allows the rock to split into plate-like sheets that are parallel to foliation. There are little to no linear fabrics within the foliation fabrics.
Therefore, a plane parallel to the lineation and perpendicular to the foliation is viewed to determine the shear sense. The most common shear sense indicators are C/S fabrics, asymmetric porphyroclasts, vein and dike arrays, mantled porphyroclasts and mineral fibers.
Oblique foliation is a fabric that has achieved a steady state, but does not represent the total accumulated strain.. The structure is thought to result from the interplay of passive flattening and rotation of grains in a non-coaxial flow field on one hand and grain boundary migration destroying the developing shape fabric at the same time on the other hand.
The foliation is commonly crinkled or wavy in appearance. Phyllites are mostly used in decorative aggregates, interior decors, building stones, facing stones, garden decoration and curbing. Cemetery markers, commemorative tablets, creating artworks and writing slates are some of its commercial uses.