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  2. Endocytosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocytosis

    Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell. The material to be internalized is surrounded by an area of cell membrane, which then buds off inside the cell to form a vesicle containing the ingested materials. Endocytosis includes pinocytosis (cell drinking) and phagocytosis (cell eating). It is a form of ...

  3. Exocytosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exocytosis

    Exocytosis and its counterpart, endocytosis, are used by all cells because most chemical substances important to them are large polar molecules that cannot pass through the hydrophobic portion of the cell membrane by passive means. Exocytosis is the process by which a large amount of molecules are released; thus it is a form of bulk transport.

  4. Active transport - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_transport

    Endocytosis and exocytosis are both forms of bulk transport that move materials into and out of cells, respectively, via vesicles. [34] In the case of endocytosis, the cellular membrane folds around the desired materials outside the cell. [35] The ingested particle becomes trapped within a pouch, known as a vesicle, inside the cytoplasm.

  5. Tyrosine phosphorylation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrosine_phosphorylation

    In the summer of 1979, studies of polyomavirus middle T and v-Src associated kinase activities led to the discovery of tyrosine phosphorylation as a new type of protein modification. [1] Following the 1979 discovery that Src is a tyrosine kinase, the number of known distinct tyrosine kinases grew rapidly, accelerated by the advent of rapid DNA ...

  6. Endomembrane system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endomembrane_system

    Endocytosis refers to when substances are taken into the cell, whereas for exocytosis substances are moved from the cell into the extracellular space. Material to be taken-in is surrounded by the plasma membrane, and then transferred to a vacuole. There are two types of endocytosis, phagocytosis (cell eating) and pinocytosis (cell drinking). In ...

  7. Cytosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cytosis

    Mechanism of clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Clathrin-coated pits in endocytosis: The membrane of the cell invaginates using the protein clathrin. The clathrin uses actin to pull together the sides of the plasma membrane and form a vesicle inside the cellular cytosol. Receptor-mediated endocytosis Receptor-mediated endocytosis is a mode of ...

  8. Synaptic vesicle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic_vesicle

    It has been proposed that during secretion of neurotransmitters at synapses, the mode of exocytosis is modulated by calcium to attain optimal conditions for coupled exocytosis and endocytosis according to synaptic activity. [25]

  9. Cell physiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_physiology

    Cell physiology is the biological study of the activities that take place in a cell to keep it alive. The term physiology refers to normal functions in a living organism. [1] Animal cells, plant cells and microorganism cells show similarities in their functions even though they vary in structure. [2] [page needed]