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Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering.They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normally between zero and one), how much of a desired product was formed (Y — yield, normally also between zero and one) and how much desired product was formed in ratio to the undesired product(s) (S ...
In this capacity, self-balancing BSTs have a number of advantages and disadvantages over their main competitor, hash tables. One advantage of self-balancing BSTs is that they allow fast (indeed, asymptotically optimal) enumeration of the items in key order, which hash tables do not provide. One disadvantage is that their lookup algorithms get ...
The MD6 Message-Digest Algorithm is a cryptographic hash function. It uses a Merkle tree -like structure to allow for immense parallel computation of hashes for very long inputs. Authors claim a performance of 28 cycles per byte for MD6-256 on an Intel Core 2 Duo and provable resistance against differential cryptanalysis . [ 3 ]
Swapping pairs of items in successive steps of Shellsort with gaps 5, 3, 1. Shellsort, also known as Shell sort or Shell's method, is an in-place comparison sort.It can be understood as either a generalization of sorting by exchange (bubble sort) or sorting by insertion (insertion sort). [3]
A family of functions {h k : {0, 1} m(k) → {0, 1} l(k)} generated by some algorithm G is a family of collision-resistant hash functions, if |m(k)| > |l(k)| for any k, i.e., h k compresses the input string, and every h k can be computed within polynomial time given k, but for any probabilistic polynomial algorithm A, we have
A common use of one-way compression functions is in the Merkle–Damgård construction inside cryptographic hash functions. Most widely used hash functions, including MD5, SHA-1 (which is deprecated [2]) and SHA-2 use this construction. A hash function must be able to process an arbitrary-length message into a fixed-length output.
TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion.The ton of TNT is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie), [1] which is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (1,000 kilograms) of TNT.
The Rayleigh–Plesset equation is often applied to the study of cavitation bubbles, shown here forming behind a propeller.. In fluid mechanics, the Rayleigh–Plesset equation or Besant–Rayleigh–Plesset equation is a nonlinear ordinary differential equation which governs the dynamics of a spherical bubble in an infinite body of incompressible fluid.