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Scientific pitch notation (SPN), also known as American standard pitch notation (ASPN) and international pitch notation (IPN), is a method of specifying musical pitch by combining a musical note name (with accidental if needed) and a number identifying the pitch's octave.
The conceptualization of pitch as having two dimensions, pitch height (absolute frequency) and pitch class (relative position within the octave), inherently include octave circularity. [7] Thus all C ♯ s (or all 1s, if C = 0), any number of octaves apart, are part of the same pitch class .
In music, a pitch class (p.c. or pc) is a set of all pitches that are a whole number of octaves apart; for example, the pitch class C consists of the Cs in all octaves. "The pitch class C stands for all possible Cs, in whatever octave position."
Some theories of pitch perception hold that pitch has inherent octave ambiguities, ... The total number of perceptible pitch steps in the human hearing range is about ...
Octave clef Treble and bass clefs can be modified by octave numbers. ... Lowers the pitch of a note to a pitch matching the indicated number in the harmonic series of ...
Meanwhile, the electronic musical instrument standard called MIDI doesn't specifically designate pitch classes, but instead names pitches by counting from its lowest note: number 0 (C −1 ≈ 8.1758 Hz); up chromatically to its highest: number 127 (G 9 ≈ 12,544 Hz).
Sometimes written with “8v” below the treble, to represent the octave (8 tones in a major scale). Tenor C is an organ builder's term for small C or C 3 (130.813 Hz), the note one octave below middle C. In older stoplists it usually means that a rank was not yet full compass, omitting the bottom octave, until that octave was added later on.
The naming of individual Cs using the Helmholtz system. Helmholtz pitch notation is a system for naming musical notes of the Western chromatic scale.Fully described and normalized by the German scientist Hermann von Helmholtz, it uses a combination of upper and lower case letters (A to G), [a] and the sub- and super-prime symbols ( ͵ ′ or ⸜ ⸝) to denote each individual note of the scale.