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The hippocampus (pl.: hippocampi; via Latin from Greek ἱππόκαμπος, 'seahorse'), also hippocampus proper, is a major component of the brain of humans and many other vertebrates. In the human brain the hippocampus, the dentate gyrus, and the subiculum are components of the hippocampal formation located in the limbic system.
Amygdalohippocampectomy is a surgical procedure for the treatment of epilepsy.It consists of the removal of the hippocampus, which has a role in memory, spatial awareness, and navigation, [1] and the amygdalae, which have a role in the processing and memory of emotional reactions, [2] both structures forming part of the limbic system of the brain.
In 1825, Bouchet and Cazauvieilh described palpable firmness and atrophy of the uncus and medial temporal lobe of brains from epileptic and non-epileptic individuals. [4]: 565 In 1880, Wilhelm Sommer investigated 90 brains and described the classical Ammon's horn sclerosis pattern, severe neuronal cell loss in hippocampal subfield cornum Ammonis 1 (CA1) and some neuronal cell loss in ...
The hippocampus' right side is more oriented towards responding to spatial aspects, whereas the left side is associated with other context information. Also, there is evidence that experience in building extensive mental maps, such as driving a city taxi for a long time (since this requires considerable memorization of routes), can increase the ...
Hippocampus anatomy describes the physical aspects and properties of the hippocampus, a neural structure in the medial temporal lobe of each cerebral hemisphere of the brain. It has a distinctive, curved shape that has been likened to the sea-horse creature of Greek mythology , and the ram's horns of Amun in Egyptian mythology .
Regions described in the hippocampus are the head, body, and tail, and other hippocampal subfields include the dentate gyrus, the presubiculum, and the subiculum. The CA subfields use the initials of cornu ammonis , an earlier name of the hippocampus.
'arch'; pl.: fornices) is a C-shaped bundle of nerve fibers in the brain that acts as the major output tract of the hippocampus. The fornix also carries some afferent fibers to the hippocampus from structures in the diencephalon and basal forebrain. The fornix is part of the limbic system. While its exact function and importance in the ...
Typically, the hippocampal formation is said to included the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus, and the subiculum. [2] The presubiculum, parasubiculum, and the entorhinal cortex may also be included. [3] The hippocampal formation is thought to play a role in memory, spatial navigation and control of attention.