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The brown tree snake is a nocturnal and arboreal species that uses both visual and chemical cues when hunting, either in the rainforest canopy or on the ground. [3] It is a member of the subfamily Colubrinae, genus Boiga, which is a group of roughly twenty-five species that are referred to as "cat-eyed" snakes for their vertical pupils. [4]
A brown tree snake near a snake trap hanging from a fence on Guam. Believed to be a stowaway on a U.S. military transport after the end of World War II, the brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) was accidentally introduced to Guam, which previously had no native species of snake. It nearly eliminated the native bird population.
On 5 November 2020, the US Department of the Interior and the US Geological Survey announced that the brown tree snake had been found on Cocos Island. [3] The brown tree snake is an invasive species responsible for the eradication of many species of wildlife native to Guam, including birds and lizards.
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The Guam kingfisher (Todiramphus cinnamominus), called sihek in Chamorro, [2] is a species of kingfisher from the United States Territory of Guam. It is restricted to a captive breeding program following its extinction in the wild due primarily to predation by the introduced brown tree snake .
Pictures Guam rail: Hypotaenidia owstoni: Guam Extirpated from the wild in 1987, as a result of predation by introduced brown tree snakes. Following a captive breeding program, it was reintroduced to the smaller offshore islands of Rota and Cocos in 2010, but only the Cocos population is self-sustaining. [39]
The brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) is one of the primary threats to the survival of the Guam rail; the introduction of the snake has been catastrophic for Guam's biodiversity. The snake was likely passively introduced to the island as a stowaway in a military cargo ship after World War II.