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John Francis Coates, OBE (30 March 1922 – 10 July 2010) was a British naval architect best known for his work on the study of construction of the Ancient Greek trireme.His research led to the construction of the first working replica of triremes, the fastest and most devastating warship of Classical Mediterranean empires, and gave a greater understanding of how they were built and used.
He was considered an expert on the Greek trireme, the oared warship of the Athenian classical golden age, and is best known as one of the founders in 1982, with Charles Willink, another classics teacher, John Coates, a naval architect, and Frank Welsh, a banker, of the Trireme Trust, to test his theories about the Athenian trireme by building a ...
The trireme derives its name from its three rows of oars, manned with one man per oar. The early trireme was a development of the penteconter, an ancient warship with a single row of 25 oars on each side (i.e., a single-banked boat), and of the bireme (Ancient Greek: διήρης, diērēs), a warship with two banks of oars, of Phoenician ...
A trireme of the classical period would have had a crew of 200, including five officers. This would be made up of: trierarchos (τριήρ αρχος " commander of trireme") — the commanding officer, responsible for supporting the ship; kybernetes (κυβερνήτης: κυβερνάω "steer") — executive officer, responsible for the ...
Depiction of the position of the rowers in three different levels (from top: thranitai, zygitai and thalamitai) in a Greek trireme. 19th-century interpretation of the quinquereme's oaring system, with five levels of oars. Far less is known with certainty about the construction and appearance of these ships than about the trireme.
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The trierarchy were rated for a trireme according to their property as stated in the register in such a manner that one trireme was required from 10 talents. If their wealth was valued at a higher than 10 talents they would be assigned up to three triremes and one auxiliary vessel.
Trierarch (Greek: τριήραρχος, romanized: triērarchos) was the title of officers who commanded a trireme (triēres) in the classical Greek world. In Classical Athens, the title was associated with the trierarchy (τριηραρχία, triērarchia), one of the public offices or liturgies, which were filled by wealthy citizens for a ...