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A flame (from Latin flamma) is the visible, gaseous part of a fire. It is caused by a highly exothermic chemical reaction made in a thin zone. [1] When flames are hot enough to have ionized gaseous components of sufficient density, they are then considered plasma. [vague] [2]
A flame is a mixture of reacting gases and solids emitting visible, infrared, and sometimes ultraviolet light, the frequency spectrum of which depends on the chemical composition of the burning material and intermediate reaction products.
A combustible material is a material that can burn (i.e., sustain a flame) in air under certain conditions. A material is flammable if it ignites easily at ambient temperatures. In other words, a combustible material ignites with some effort and a flammable material catches fire immediately on exposure to flame.
When additional chemicals are added to the fuel burning, their atomic emission spectra can affect the frequencies of visible light radiation emitted - in other words, the flame appears in a different color dependent upon the chemical additives. Flame coloring is also a good way to demonstrate how fire changes when subjected to heat and how they ...
The red lithium flame leads to lithium's use in flares and pyrotechnics Copper compounds glow green or blue-green in a flame. Calcium compounds glow orange in a flame. Sodium compounds glow yellow in a flame. A pyrotechnic colorant is a chemical compound which causes a flame to burn with a particular color.
A flame test involves introducing a sample of the element or compound to a hot, non-luminous flame and observing the color of the flame that results. [4] The compound can be made into a paste with concentrated hydrochloric acid, as metal halides , being volatile, give better results. [ 5 ]
This is commonly accomplished by chemical reactions that reduce the flammability of fuels or delay their combustion. [1] [2] Fire retardants may also cool the fuel through physical action or endothermic chemical reactions. Fire retardants are available as powder, to be mixed with water, as fire-fighting foams and fire-retardant gels.
A reducing flame is a flame with insufficient oxygen. It has an opaque yellow or orange color due to carbon or hydrocarbons [3] which bind with (or reduce) the oxygen contained in the materials the flame processes. [2] The flame is also called carburizing flame, since it tends to introduce carbon soot into the molten metal.