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Phylogenies showing the terminology used to describe different patterns of ancestral and derived trait states. [1] Imaginary cladogram. [2] The yellow mask is a plesiomorphy for each living masked species, because it is ancestral. [2] It is also a symplesiomorphy for them.
In developmental biology, pattern formation refers to the generation of complex organizations of cell fates in space and time. The role of genes in pattern formation is an aspect of morphogenesis, the creation of diverse anatomies from similar genes, now being explored in the science of evolutionary developmental biology or evo-devo.
Ancient Mesopotamia – timeline, definition, and articles at World History Encyclopedia Mesopotamia – introduction to Mesopotamia from the British Museum By Nile and Tigris, a narrative of journeys in Egypt and Mesopotamia on behalf of the British museum between the years 1886 and 1913 , by Sir E. A. Wallis Budge , 1920 (a searchable ...
Map showing the extent of Mesopotamia. The Civilization of Mesopotamia ranges from the earliest human occupation in the Paleolithic period up to Late antiquity.This history is pieced together from evidence retrieved from archaeological excavations and, after the introduction of writing in the late 4th millennium BC, an increasing amount of historical sources.
The genetic history of the Middle East is the subject of research within the fields of human population genomics, archaeogenetics and Middle Eastern studies.Researchers use Y-DNA, mtDNA, and other autosomal DNA tests to identify the genetic history of ancient and modern populations of Egypt, Persia, Mesopotamia, Anatolia, Arabia, the Levant, and other areas.
The pattern in al-Azhar Mosque, Cairo's mihrab, a unique Fatimid architectural variation, is a series of two or three leave palmettes with a central palmette of five leaves from which the pattern originates. The growth is upwards and outwards and culminates in a lantern like flower towards the top of the niche above which is a small roundel.
The Pre-Pottery Neolithic is divided into Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (10000 – 8800 BCE) and the following Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (8800 – 6500 BCE). [1] [5] PPNB differed from PPNA in showing greater use of domesticated animals, a different set of tools, and new architectural styles.
Statue of Iku-Shamagan, King of Mari, wearing the Kaunakes. c. 2500 BCE.. A kaunakes [1] (Ancient Greek: καυνάκης, romanized: kaunákēs, or γαυνάκης; Classical Syriac: ܓܘܢܟܐ, romanized: gawnɘḵā; [2] [3] Akkadian: 𒌆𒄖𒅘𒆪 TÚG GU-NAK-KU; or persis; or Latin: gaunaca or gausapa) [4] [5] was a woollen mantle associated with ancient Mesopotamia and Persia.