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In 1939, Latvia was forced to give military bases on its soil to the Soviet Union, and in 1940 the Red Army moved into Latvia, effectively annexing it into the Soviet Union. [ 1 ] The territory changed hands during World War II , with Nazi Germany occupying a large portion of Latvian territory from 1941 until the Red Army entered Latvia in 1944 ...
Latvia represented itself as a bridge to an improved relationship with the Soviet Union. Latvia managed to sign a trade agreement with Germany in 1926 and with the Soviet Union in 1927. [14] Similarly, Lithuania signed a trade agreement with Germany in May 1926. Lithuania was the key to improved relationship with the Soviet Union.
The Soviet Union prepared for Soviet annexation of Baltic countries with the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany on August 23, 1939. Under threat of invasion, [ note 1 ] Latvia (along with Estonia and Lithuania) signed the Soviet–Latvian Mutual Assistance Treaty with Soviet Union , providing for ...
Lithuania was incorporated into the Soviet Union on 3 August, Latvia on 5 August, and Estonia on 6 August 1940. [31] The deposed presidents of Estonia and Latvia, Konstantin Päts and Kārlis Ulmanis, were deported to the USSR and imprisoned. They died later in the Tver region [32] and Central Asia respectively.
She was the first female head of state in the former Soviet block state and was active in Latvia joining both NATO and the European Union in 2004. [83] Latvia signed the Schengen agreement on 16 April 2003 and started its implementation on 21 December 2007. [84] Approximately 72% of Latvian citizens are Latvian, while 20% are Russian. [85]
An ultimatum was presented by the USSR to Latvia. 17 June: Soviet occupation of Latvia in 1940: Soviet troops occupied the country. 5 August: Latvia was incorporated into the Soviet Union, becoming the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR). 1941: 14 June: The first mass deportations of Latvians to various sites in the Soviet Union began. 1 July
The Soviet Union recognized the independence of Baltic republics on 6 September 1991. [129] Georgia cut all ties with the Soviet Union on 7 September, citing the failure to receive a "sufficiently grounded answer" why the USSR did not recognise its independence when it had recognised the Baltic States' secession. [130]
Four months before the arrival of Soviet troops in Latvia, Vilhelms Munters, addressing an audience at the University of Latvia on 12 February 1940, stated, "We have every reason to describe the relations existing between Latvia and the Soviet Union as very satisfactory. There are people who will say that these favourable conditions are of a ...