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[1] Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3K inhibitors) are a class of medical drugs that are mainly used to treat advanced cancers. They function by inhibiting one or more of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) enzymes, which are part of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. This signal pathway regulates cellular functions such as growth and survival ...
Class II catalyse the production of PI(3)P from PI and PI(3,4)P 2 from PI(4)P; however, little is known about their role in immune cells. PI(3,4)P 2 has, however, been shown to play a role in the invagination phase of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. [17] C2α and C2β are expressed through the body, but expression of C2γ is limited to hepatocytes.
PI3K activation phosphorylates and activates AKT, localizing it in the plasma membrane. [1] AKT can have a number of downstream effects such as activating CREB , [ 2 ] inhibiting p27 , [ 3 ] localizing FOXO in the cytoplasm, [ 3 ] activating PtdIns -3ps, [ 4 ] and activating mTOR [ 3 ] which can affect transcription of p70 or 4EBP1. [ 3 ]