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The most common symptoms of CNS tumors are headache, vomiting, and nausea. Symptoms vary depending on the tumor and may include unsteady gait, slowed speech, memory loss, loss of hearing and vision, problems with memory, narrowing of visual field, and back pain. Symptoms may also vary greatly between individuals with the same tumor type.
The most common presenting symptom of spinal tumors is nocturnal back pain. [1] Other common symptoms include muscle weakness, sensory loss, and difficulty walking. [1] Loss of bowel and bladder control may occur during the later stages of the disease. [3] The cause of spinal tumors is unknown. Most extradural tumors are metastatic commonly ...
Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in babies and the third-most common cancer in children after leukemia and brain cancer. [5] About one in every 7,000 children is affected at some time. [2] About 90% of cases occur in children less than 5 years old, and it is rare in adults. [2] [3] Of cancer deaths in children, about 15% are due to ...
Some of these cancer therapies may produce treatment-related, or secondary, symptoms, including: Pain Cancer pain may be caused by the tumor itself compressing nearby structures, impinging on nerves, or causing an inflammatory response. It may also be caused by therapies such as radiation or chemotherapy.
The tumor histopathology is jumbled small and large cells. The tissue of this tumor contains many different types of cells including the rhabdoid cells, large spindled cells, epithelial and mesenchymal cells, and areas resembling primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). As much as 70% of the tumor may be made up of PNET-like cells.
An ependymoma is a tumor that arises from the ependyma, a tissue of the central nervous system. Usually, in pediatric cases the location is intracranial, while in adults it is spinal. The common location of intracranial ependymomas is the floor of the fourth ventricle. Rarely, ependymomas can occur in the pelvic cavity.
Adult patients may present with worsening musculoskeletal symptoms, muscle weakness, [1] myalgia, bone pain and fatigue which are followed by recurrent bone fractures. Children present with difficulty in walking, stunted growth and deformities of the skeleton (features of rickets). [2]
A brainstem glioma is a cancerous glioma tumor in the brainstem. Around 75% are diagnosed in children and young adults under the age of twenty, but have been known to affect older adults as well. [1] Brainstem gliomas start in the brain or spinal cord tissue and typically spread throughout the nervous system. [2]