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MATLAB; Pascal although Object Pascal / Delphi do have a function IfThen to do the same (with caveats) Rust The if..else construct is an expression and can be used to get the same functionality. [27] Scala; XProfan PowerShell (in old versions) an elegant workaround is to use (<value for true>,<value for false>)[!(<condition>)] [28]
Objects implementing ArrayAccess can be used with array syntax and objects implementing Iterator or IteratorAggregate can be used with the foreach language construct. The static method and class variable features in Zend Engine 2 do not work the way some would expect.
if discount < 11% then print (you have to pay $30) elseif discount<21% then print (you have to pay $20) elseif discount<31% then print (you have to pay $10) end if; In the example above, if the discount is 10%, then the first if statement will be evaluated as true and "you have to pay $30" will be printed out.
Several programming languages (e.g., Ada, D, C++11, Smalltalk, PHP, Perl, Object Pascal, Java, C#, MATLAB, Visual Basic, Ruby, Python, JavaScript, Fortran 95 and later) have special constructs which allow implicit looping through all elements of an array, or all members of a set or collection.
Unlike object orientation which implicitly breaks down data to its constituent parts (or scalar quantities), array orientation looks to group data and apply a uniform handling. Function rank is an important concept to array programming languages in general, by analogy to tensor rank in mathematics: functions that operate on data may be ...
In programming languages where functions are first-class objects (such as Lua, Python, or Perl [6]), automatic memoization can be implemented by replacing (at run-time) a function with its calculated value once a value has been calculated for a given set of parameters. The function that does this value-for-function-object replacement can ...
The syntax generally follows the pattern of one-letter code of the variable type, followed by a colon and the length of the data, followed by the variable value, and ending with a semicolon. For the associative array, the format is <serialised key> ; <serialised value>, repeated for each association/pair in the array.
The dangling else is a problem in programming of parser generators in which an optional else clause in an if–then(–else) statement can make nested conditional statements ambiguous.