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Endospore staining is a technique used in bacteriology to identify the presence of endospores in a bacterial sample. [1] Within bacteria, endospores are protective structures used to survive extreme conditions, including high temperatures making them highly resistant to chemicals. [ 2 ]
An endospore stain of the cell Bacillus subtilis showing endospores as green and the vegetative cell as red Phase-bright endospores of Paenibacillus alvei imaged with phase-contrast microscopy An endospore is a dormant , tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by some bacteria in the phylum Bacillota .
Clostridium endospores have a distinct bowling pin or bottle shape, distinguishing them from other bacterial endospores, which are usually ovoid in shape. [citation needed] The Schaeffer–Fulton stain (0.5% malachite green in water) can be used to distinguish endospores of Bacillus and Clostridium from other microorganisms. [12]
Paenibacillus is a genus of facultative anaerobic, endospore-forming bacteria, originally included within the genus Bacillus and then reclassified as a separate genus in 1993. [8]
This article is supported by the Molecular and Cell Biology task force (assessed as High-importance). This article is written in British English , which has its own spelling conventions ( colour , travelled , centre , defence , artefact , analyse ) and some terms that are used in it may be different or absent from other varieties of English .
Lysinibacillus sphaericus (previously known as Bacillus sphaericus) [1] is a Gram-positive, mesophilic, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found on soil. It can form resistant endospores that are tolerant to high temperatures, chemicals and ultraviolet light and can remain viable for long periods of time.
Two genera of bacterial pathogens are known to produce endospores: the aerobic Bacillus and anaerobic Clostridium. [7] Dipicolinic acid forms a complex with calcium ions within the endospore core. This complex binds free water molecules, causing dehydration of the spore. As a result, the heat resistance of macromolecules within the core increases.
The endospores are ellipsoidal, located in central/paracentral, unswollen sporangia. In laboratory conditions, it produces opaque, creamish, raised-margin colonies at 30 ± 2°C when incubated for 24–72 hrs. on tryptic soy agar. This bacterial species may be isolated from feces (poultry) and soil. Human pathogenicity has not been well ...