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The upper half of the eye is adapted for vision in air, the lower half for vision in water. [35] The lens of the eye changes in thickness top to bottom to account for the difference in the refractive indices of air versus water.
The upper (dorsal) half of the eye is adapted for vision in air, the lower (ventral) half for vision in water. [2] The lens of the eye also changes in thickness top to bottom to compensate for the difference in the refractive indices of air versus water. The ventral hemiretina is characterized by thicker cell layers containing more sensory ...
Anableps anableps is a slender elongate fish with very distinct eyes that project prominently from the head. Each eye is divided lengthwise and thus has two pupils; the fish positions itself in such a way that the dividing line between the two parts of the eye lies on the surface of the water, so that one pupil has an aerial view while the other is submerged.
Fish vision shows adaptation to their visual environment, for example deep sea fishes have eyes suited to the dark environment. Fish and other aquatic animals live in a different light environment than terrestrial species. Water absorbs light so that with increasing depth the amount of light available decreases quickly.
Swordfish also possess an impressive visual system. The eye of a swordfish can generate heat to better cope with detecting their prey at depths of 2000 feet. [58] Certain one-celled microorganisms, the warnowiid dinoflagellates have eye-like ocelloids, with analogous structures for the lens and retina of the multi-cellular eye. [59]
There is no aqueous humor in these fish, and the vitreous body simply presses the lens against the surface of the cornea. To focus its eyes, a lamprey flattens the cornea using muscles outside of the eye and pushes the lens backwards. [54] While not vertebrate, brief mention is made here of the convergent evolution of vertebrate and Molluscan eyes.
The eyes of Winteria telescopa differ slightly from those of other opisthoproctids by their more forward-pointing gaze.. Barreleyes, also known as spook fish (a name also applied to several species of chimaera), are small deep-sea argentiniform fish comprising the family Opisthoproctidae found in tropical-to-temperate waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.
The pearleyes are a family, Scopelarchidae, of aulopiform ray-finned fish, distinguished by their unique visual system, with two retinas in each eye. [2]They are small to medium fish, ranging in size from just 3.7 cm (1.5 in) in adult length to 35 cm (14 in) in length, depending on species.