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In organic chemistry, polyketides are a class of natural products derived from a precursor molecule consisting of a chain of alternating ketone (>C=O, or its reduced forms) and methylene (>CH 2) groups: [−C(=O)−CH 2 −] n. [1] First studied in the early 20th century, discovery, biosynthesis, and application of polyketides has evolved.
Polyketides are a large family of natural products widely used as drugs, pesticides, herbicides, and biological probes. [17] There are antifungal and antibacterial polyketide compounds, namely ophiocordin and ophiosetin. [citation needed] And are researched for the synthesis of biofuels and industrial chemicals. [18]
Acetogenins are a class of polyketide natural products found in plants of the family Annonaceae. They are characterized by linear 32- or 34-carbon chains containing oxygenated functional groups including hydroxyls, ketones, epoxides, tetrahydrofurans and tetrahydropyrans. They are often terminated with a lactone or butenolide. [1]
The acetate pathway, also known as the polyketide pathway, is a fundamental biosynthetic route in organisms for the production of fatty acids and polyketides. This pathway operates at the interface of central metabolism and specialized metabolite synthesis, playing a crucial role in the synthesis of both primary and secondary metabolites. [2 ...
Natural products sometimes have pharmacological activity that can be of therapeutic benefit in treating diseases. [96] [97] [98] Moreover, synthetic analogs of natural products with improved potency and safety can be prepared, and therefore, natural products are often used as starting points for drug discovery. Natural product constituents have ...
Muironolide A is a tetrachloro polyketide discovered in 200 that has two unusual structural details: a hexahydro-1H-isoindolone-triketide ring and a trichlorocarbinol ester. It is suspected that it is the product of a sponge –microorganism ( cyanobacteria ) association. [ 1 ]