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The Worth Four Light Test, also known as the Worth's four dot test or W4LT, is a clinical test mainly used for assessing a patient's degree of binocular vision and binocular single vision. Binocular vision involves an image being projected by each eye simultaneously into an area in space and being fused into a single image.
Apart from testing binocular functions, Bagolini striated glasses can measure cyclotropia.The principle of the test is similar to that of double Maddox rod test. The glasses are placed in the trial frames with the striations vertical, giving rise to two horizontal line images when viewing a spotlight.
Used to assess binocular functions; Can confirm presence of microtropia; Proves the presence or absence of normal (bifoveal) binocular single vision - thereby revealing if there is a central or paracentral suppression scotoma; The prism can be mounted in a frame with a handle attached; Test can be performed at any fixation distance - near or far
The prism fusion range (PFR) or fusional vergence amplitude is a clinical eye test performed by orthoptists, optometrists, and ophthalmologists to assess motor fusion, specifically the extent to which a patient can maintain binocular single vision in the presence of increasing vergence demands.
Binocular single vision: BV: Binocular vision: BVD: Back vertex distance BVP: Back vertex power CD: Centration distance C/D: Cup–disc ratio CF: Count fingers vision – state distance c/o or c.o. Complains of CT: Cover test c/u: Check up CW: Close work Δ: Prism dioptre D: Dioptres DC: Dioptres cylinder DNA: Did not attend DOB: Date of birth ...
Principle of binocular vision with horopter shown. In biology, binocular vision is a type of vision in which an animal has two eyes capable of facing the same direction to perceive a single three-dimensional image of its surroundings. Binocular vision does not typically refer to vision where an animal has eyes on opposite sides of its head and ...
Howard-Dolman test. Stereoacuity [1] is most simply explained by considering one of its earliest test, a two-peg device, named Howard-Dolman test after its inventors: [2] The observer is shown a black peg at a distance of 6m (=20 feet). A second peg, below it, can be moved back and forth until it is just detectably nearer than the fixed one.
This specifies the part of the prescription designed primarily to improve far vision. In a bifocal lens, this generally indicates what is to be placed in the top segment. NV is an abbreviation for near vision. This may represent a single-vision lens prescription to improve near work, or the reading portion of a bifocal lens.