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Cerebral softening, also known as encephalomalacia, is a localized softening of the substance of the brain, due to bleeding or inflammation. Three varieties, distinguished by their color and representing different stages of the disease progress, are known respectively as red, yellow, and white softening.
The level of total bilirubin is often further increased if the blood sample is taken after fasting for two days, [40] and a fast can, therefore, be useful diagnostically. A further conceptual step that is rarely necessary or appropriate is to give a low dose of phenobarbital : [ 41 ] the bilirubin will decrease substantially.
The disease can progress very rapidly once symptoms present (severe damage can occur within as little as a day). [7] Because electrodiagnosis is one of the fastest and most direct methods of determining the presence of the illness and its proper classification, nerve conduction studies are extremely important. [ 16 ]
Myelomalacia is a pathological term referring to the softening of the spinal cord. [1] Possible causes of myelomalacia include cervical myelopathy, hemorrhagic infarction, or acute injury, such as that caused by intervertebral disc extrusion.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; Other names: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome visible on magnetic resonance imaging as multiple cortico-subcortical areas of T2-weighted hyperintense (white) signal involving the occipital and parietal lobes bilaterally and pons.
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), or simply herpes encephalitis, is encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus.It is estimated to affect at least 1 in 500,000 individuals per year, [1] and some studies suggest an incidence rate of 5.9 cases per 100,000 live births.
Wallerian degeneration is an active process of degeneration that results when a nerve fiber is cut or crushed and the part of the axon distal to the injury (which in most cases is farther from the neuron's cell body) degenerates. [1]
Purely astrocytic perivascular p-tau pathology represents ARTAG and does not meet the criteria for CTE. [18] A small group of individuals with CTE have chronic traumatic encephalomyopathy (CTEM), which is characterized by symptoms of motor-neuron disease and which mimics amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Progressive muscle weakness and ...