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Rain falling over a drainage basin in Scotland.Understanding the cycling of water into, through, and out of catchments is a key element of hydrology. Hydrology (from Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr) 'water' and -λογία () 'study of') is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and management of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources, and ...
The residence time of a reservoir within the hydrologic cycle is the average time a water molecule will spend in that reservoir (see table). It is a measure of the average age of the water in that reservoir. Groundwater can spend over 10,000 years beneath Earth's surface before leaving. [17] Particularly old groundwater is called fossil water ...
Hydrometry – the measurement of the different components of the hydrologic cycle; Chemical hydrology – the study of the chemical characteristics of water; Ecohydrology – the study of interactions between organisms and the hydrologic cycle; Hydrogeology – the study of the presence and movement of water in aquifers
Water is the medium of the oceans, the medium which carries all the substances and elements involved in the marine biogeochemical cycles. Water as found in nature almost always includes dissolved substances, so water has been described as the "universal solvent" for its ability to dissolve so many substances.
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls from clouds due to gravitational pull. [1] The main forms of precipitation include drizzle, rain, Rain and snow mixed ("sleet" in Commonwealth usage), snow, ice pellets, graupel and hail.
Biogeology examines biotic, hydrologic, and terrestrial systems in relation to each other, to help understand the Earth's climate, oceans, and other effects on geologic systems. [2] For example, bacteria are responsible for the formation of some minerals such as pyrite, and can concentrate economically important metals such as tin and uranium.
The "feels like" temperature, generally, is a more accurate description of what the human body will experience when stepping outside.
The effects of climate change on the water cycle are profound and have been described as an intensification or a strengthening of the water cycle (also called hydrologic cycle). [2]: 1079 This effect has been observed since at least 1980. [2]: 1079 One example is when heavy rain events become even stronger.