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Consequently, Galen had to resort to the dissection and vivisection of animals, particularly barbary apes and pigs, as Aristotle had done centuries earlier for the study of anatomy and physiology. Galen, like others, reasoned that animal anatomy had a strong conciliance with that of humans. [ 13 ]
Galen, a physician in 2nd-century Rome, dissected pigs and goats, and is known as the "Father of Vivisection." [2] Avenzoar, an Arabic physician in 12th-century Moorish Spain who also practiced dissection, introduced animal testing as an experimental method of testing surgical procedures before applying them to human patients.
Galen produced more work than any author in antiquity, [1] His surviving work runs to over 2.6 million words, and many more of his writings are now lost. [1]Karl Gottlob Kühn of Leipzig (1754–1840) published an edition of 122 of Galen's writings between 1821 and 1833.
During the Hellenistic Age, dissection and vivisection of human beings took place for the first time in the work of Herophilos and Erasistratus. Anatomical knowledge in antiquity would reach its apex in the person of Galen, who made important discoveries through his medical practice and his dissections of monkeys, oxen, and other animals.
Galen also found that an excess of the fluids could make someone sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric, or melancholic. [28] His anatomic knowledge of humans was defective because it was based on dissection of animals, mainly apes, sheep, goats and pigs. [29] Some of Galen's teachings held back medical progress.
Claudius Galen Guesses At It Perhaps the most famous doctor to come out of the Roman empire, Claudius Galen acknowledges the clitoris and theorizes that “all the parts, then, that men have, women have too, the difference between them lying in only one thing, namely, that in women the parts are within, whereas in men they are outside.”
Vesalius picked up from the work of Galen (129–c. 200 CE) which was based on the dissection of animals from pigs to apes. [12] The works of Galen would be accepted until Vesalius. He would challenge the medieval views of human anatomy made by Galen that had been taught for centuries. Vesalius paved the foundation of modern anatomy and most of ...
Claudius Galen Guesses At It. Perhaps the most famous doctor to come out of the Roman empire, Claudius Galen acknowledges the clitoris and theorizes that “all the parts, then, that men have, women have too, the difference between them lying in only one thing, namely, that in women the parts are within, whereas in men they are outside.”