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The French conquest of Vietnam 1 (1858–1885) was a series of military expeditions that pitted the Second French Empire, later the French Third Republic, against the Vietnamese empire of Đại Nam in the mid-late 19th century.
France attempted to invade and reoccupy Vietnam, but after nine years of war and the subsequent military defeat in The Battle of Dien Bien Phu, the French gave up and retreated from Indochina. This resulted in Indochina being divided into four countries under the terms of the 1954 Geneva Accords : North Vietnam , South Vietnam , Laos and ...
Unsurprisingly, the French took action first in order to avoid being boxed out of north Vietnam. [14] In 1882, a French naval captain named Henri Rivière repeated Garnier's feat of taking Hanoi. Rather than preparing the military for increased French aggression, the military was instructed to remain out of sight of the French.
That afternoon the French military garrison lowered its flag for the last time and withdrew from the city. [19]: 617–8 The French military retained a presence in South Vietnam. 12 October. Viet Minh leader Ho Chi Minh entered Hanoi without fanfare and took up the reins of the government of North Vietnam. [19]: 618 15 October
On 4 June 1954, the State of Vietnam gained full independence within the French Union, marking the completion of France's transfer of power to Vietnam. [ 91 ] [ 92 ] [ 93 ] [ b ] On 30 December 1954, the Indochinese Federation was dissolved. [ 95 ]
For his descent on Vietnam, Rigault de Genouilly had a force of 14 warships, 1,000 French marine infantry, and 1,000 troops from the Spanish garrisons of the Philippines (550 Spanish infantry and 450 Filipino light infantry). [4] The allied force landed at the port of Tourane in September 1858 and occupied the city after a brief bombardment.
The Cochinchina campaign [1] was a series of military operations between 1858 and 1862, launched by a joint naval expedition force on behalf of the French Empire and the Kingdom of Spain against the Nguyễn period Vietnamese state. It was the opening conflict of the French conquest of Vietnam.
In the four protectorates, the French formally left the local rulers in power, who were the Emperors of Vietnam, Kings of Cambodia, and Kings of Luang Prabang, but in fact gathered all powers in their hands, the local rulers acting only as heads. France stayed in Indochina during World War II, tolerated by the Japanese Army. [30