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  2. Transport phenomena - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_phenomena

    In engineering, physics, and chemistry, the study of transport phenomena concerns the exchange of mass, energy, charge, momentum and angular momentum between observed and studied systems. While it draws from fields as diverse as continuum mechanics and thermodynamics, it places a heavy emphasis on the commonalities between the topics covered ...

  3. Position and momentum spaces - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_and_momentum_spaces

    Momentum space is the set of all momentum vectors p a physical system can have; the momentum vector of a particle corresponds to its motion, with dimension of mass ⋅ length ⋅ time −1. Mathematically, the duality between position and momentum is an example of Pontryagin duality .

  4. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    The concepts invoked in Newton's laws of motion — mass, velocity, momentum, force — have predecessors in earlier work, and the content of Newtonian physics was further developed after Newton's time. Newton combined knowledge of celestial motions with the study of events on Earth and showed that one theory of mechanics could encompass both.

  5. Momentum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum

    In Newtonian mechanics, momentum (pl.: momenta or momentums; more specifically linear momentum or translational momentum) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object. It is a vector quantity, possessing a magnitude and a direction.

  6. Proper velocity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proper_velocity

    In flat spacetime, proper velocity is the ratio between distance traveled relative to a reference map frame (used to define simultaneity) and proper time τ elapsed on the clocks of the traveling object. It equals the object's momentum p divided by its rest mass m, and is made up of the space-like components of the object's four-vector velocity.

  7. Equations of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_of_motion

    There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.

  8. Hamiltonian mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian_mechanics

    This has the advantage that kinetic momentum can be measured experimentally whereas canonical momentum cannot. Notice that the Hamiltonian ( total energy ) can be viewed as the sum of the relativistic energy (kinetic+rest) , ⁠ E = γ m c 2 {\displaystyle E=\gamma mc^{2}} ⁠ , plus the potential energy , ⁠ V = q φ {\displaystyle V=q\varphi

  9. Matter wave - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matter_wave

    The relationship between frequency (proportional to energy) and wavenumber or velocity (proportional to momentum) is called a dispersion relation. Light waves in a vacuum have linear dispersion relation between frequency: ω = c k {\displaystyle \omega =ck} .