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  2. List of musical symbols - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_musical_symbols

    Musical symbols are marks and symbols in musical notation that indicate various aspects of how a piece of music is to be performed. There are symbols to communicate information about many musical elements, including pitch, duration, dynamics, or articulation of musical notes; tempo, metre, form (e.g., whether sections are repeated), and details about specific playing techniques (e.g., which ...

  3. Lydian mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lydian_mode

    The Lydian scale can be described as a major scale with the fourth scale degree raised a semitone, making it an augmented fourth above the tonic; e.g., an F-major scale with a B ♮ rather than B ♭. That is, the Lydian mode has the following formula:

  4. Musical system of ancient Greece - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_system_of_ancient...

    The central octave of the ancient Greek system. The earliest Greek scales were organized in tetrachords, which were series of four descending tones, with the top and bottom tones being separated by an interval of a fourth, in modern terms. The sub-intervals of the tetrachord were unequal, with the largest intervals always at the top, and the ...

  5. Semitone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitone

    The semitone appeared in the music theory of Greek antiquity as part of a diatonic or chromatic tetrachord, and it has always had a place in the diatonic scales of Western music since. The various modal scales of medieval music theory were all based upon this diatonic pattern of tones and semitones.

  6. Dorian mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorian_mode

    The Dorian mode or Doric mode can refer to three very different but interrelated subjects: one of the Ancient Greek harmoniai (characteristic melodic behaviour, or the scale structure associated with it); one of the medieval musical modes; or—most commonly—one of the modern modal diatonic scales, corresponding to the piano keyboard's white notes from D to D, or any transposition of itself.

  7. Sharp (music) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharp_(music)

    The sharp symbol, ♯, indicates that the note to which the symbol is applied is played one semitone higher. The opposite of sharp is flat , indicating a lowering of pitch. The ♯ symbol derives from a square form of the letter b (see History of notation of accidentals for more information).

  8. Phrygian mode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrygian_mode

    The Phrygian mode (pronounced / ˈ f r ɪ dʒ i ə n /) can refer to three different musical modes: the ancient Greek tonos or harmonia, sometimes called Phrygian, formed on a particular set of octave species or scales; the medieval Phrygian mode, and the modern conception of the Phrygian mode as a diatonic scale, based on the latter.

  9. Seikilos epitaph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seikilos_epitaph

    The Seikilos epitaph is an Ancient Greek inscription that preserves the oldest surviving complete musical composition, including musical notation. [1] Commonly dated between the 1st and 2nd century AD, the inscription was found engraved on a pillar from the ancient Hellenistic town of Tralles (present-day Turkey) in 1883.