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Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin, also known as tetanus immune globulin (TIG) and tetanus antitoxin, is a medication made up of antibodies against the tetanus toxin. [1] It is used to prevent tetanus in those who have a wound that is at high risk, have not been fully vaccinated with tetanus toxoid , or have HIV/AIDS .
Tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG), [1] also called tetanus antibodies or tetanus antitoxin. [46] It can be given as intravenous therapy or by intramuscular injection. Antibiotic therapy to reduce toxin production. Metronidazole intravenous (IV) is a preferred treatment. [48] Benzodiazepines can be used to control muscle spasms.
Pramoxine is used to temporarily reduce pain from burns, insect bites, and minor cuts. It works like an anesthetic by decreasing the permeability of neuron membranes. As a result, pain neurons in the area have difficulty sending signals (or signals are blocked entirely), resulting in numbness. [24]
The topical cream can be used to relieve back pain, minor arthritis and muscle and joint pain. A 4-ounce tube retails for around $8 so it's pretty affordable, plus, it has great reviews.
Tetanus prophylaxis is routinely given to enhance immune response against Clostridium tetani. Anti-tetanus immunoglobulin is only indicated for those with highly contaminated wounds with uncertain vaccination history. Single intramuscular dose of 3000 to 5000 units of tetanus immunoglobulin is given to provide immediate immunity. [5]
It may also be administered as prophylaxis for wound management. [87] Hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylaxis) after previously receiving a vaccine containing any form of tetanus toxoid, diphtheria toxoid, or pertussis-containing antigen. Hypersensitivity reaction (anaphylaxis) to any ingredient within a previously administered Boostrix vaccine.
Clostridium tetani is a common soil bacterium and the causative agent of tetanus.Vegetative cells of Clostridium tetani are usually rod-shaped and up to 2.5 μm long, but they become enlarged and tennis racket- or drumstick-shaped when forming spores.
Tetanus antiserum was developed in 1890, with its protective effects lasting a few weeks. [9] [10] The tetanus toxoid vaccine was developed in 1924, and came into common use for soldiers in World War II. [2] [11] Its use resulted in a 95% decrease in the rate of tetanus. [2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [12]