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Mallet finger is acquired due to injury to the thin extensor tendon that functions to straighten the end (DIP) joint of a finger. [8] Jamming of the finger induces a rupture of the extensor tendon or a broken bone at the tendon's site of attachment. [9] This results in a droopy and crooked appearance of the end joint of the finger, resembling a ...
The next joint, moving closer to the hand, is the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint. The thumb differs by only having two bones and one interphalangeal joint. [10] The injured finger may be examined to determine where the pain is worst. [3] If the finger is sprained or dislocated, pain will be worse at the joint rather than the bone. [3]
Osteoarthritis of the hand joints is much less common than rheumatoid arthritis. As the arthritis progresses, the finger gets deformed and lose its functions. Moreover, many patients with rheumatoid arthritis have this dysfunction present in both hands and become disabled due to chronic pain. Osteoarthritis is most common at the base of thumb ...
Swan neck deformity has many of possible causes arising from the DIP, PIP, or even the MCP joints. In all cases, there is a stretching of the volar plate at the PIP joint to allow hyperextension, plus some damage to the attachment of the extensor tendon to the base of the distal phalanx that produces a hyperflexed mallet finger.
Anterior interosseous syndrome is a medical condition in which damage to the anterior interosseous nerve (AIN), a distal motor and sensory branch of the median nerve, classically with severe weakness of the pincer movement of the thumb and index finger, and can cause transient pain in the wrist (the terminal, sensory branch of the AIN innervates the bones of the carpal tunnel).
Infectious tenosynovitis in 2.5% to 9.4% of all hand infections. Kanavel's cardinal signs are used to diagnose infectious tenosynovitis. They are: tenderness to touch along the flexor aspect of the finger, fusiform enlargement of the affected finger, the finger being held in slight flexion at rest, and severe pain with passive extension.