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Riga was founded in 1201, and is a former Hanseatic League member. Riga's historical centre is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, noted for its Art Nouveau/Jugendstil architecture and 19th century wooden architecture. [13] Riga was the European Capital of Culture in 2014, along with Umeå in Sweden.
Riga became the capital of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia. Because of the Armistice with Germany (Compiègne) of 11 November 1918, Germany had to renounce that treaty, as did Russia, leaving Latvia and the other Baltic States in a position to claim independence.
Free City of Riga (German: Freie Stadt Riga, Latvian: Rīgas brīvpilsēta) is a city-state, which existed in modern times, one of the German state formations that arose in the medieval Baltic during the crisis of the Livonian Confederation at the end of the 16th century. The main governing body of the city during these years was the Riga City ...
Latvia's capital city Riga, founded in 1201 by Germans at the mouth of the Daugava, became a strategic base in a papally-sanctioned conquest of the area by the Livonian Brothers of the Sword. It was to be the first major city of the southern Baltic and, after 1282, a principal trading centre in the Hanseatic League .
1541 – Riga joins League of Schmalkalden. [4] 1547 – Sigismund II of Poland in power. [1] 1558 – Riga area besieged by Russians. [1] 1561 – Territory converts to Lutheranism from Catholicism. [citation needed] 1581 – Riga is granted status of Imperial Free City. 1582 – Polish in power. [4] 1584 – Calendar riots begin. [5] [10]
The burning of the Riga synagogues occurred in 1941, during the first days of the Nazi German occupation of the city of Riga, the capital and largest city in the country of Latvia. Many Jews confined in the synagogues died in the fires. Many other anti-Semitic measures were launched at the same time, ultimately followed by the murder of the ...
The Riga offensive (Russian: Рижская операция), also called the Jugla Offensive or the Battle of Riga (German: Schlacht um Riga), took place in early September 1917 and was the last major campaign on the Eastern Front of World War I before the Russian Provisional Government and its army began disintegrating.
Riga was dominated first by Germans, later by Sweden and then by Russian Empire until Latvia, with Riga as its capital city, thus declared its independence on 18 November 1918. After World War II Latvia was incorporated in to Soviet Union, however it restored its independence in early 1990s. In 2001, Riga celebrated its 800th anniversary as a city.