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Loyal and hard-working workers were treated with great respect and relatively high wages and good working conditions; Cadbury also pioneered pension schemes, joint works committees and a full staff medical service. In 1893, George Cadbury bought 120 acres (0.5 km 2) of land close to the works and planned, at his own expense, a model village ...
William Lever's Port Sunlight had a village green and its houses espoused an idealised rural vernacular style. [7] Quaker industrialists, George Cadbury and Rowntrees built model villages by their factories. Cadbury built Bournville between 1898 and 1905 and a second phase from 1914 and New Earswick was built in 1902 for Rowntrees. [11]
Cadbury developed the business with his brother Benjamin, and later his sons Richard and George. George developed the Bournville estate, a model village designed to improve the living conditions of company employees. Dairy Milk chocolate, introduced in 1905, used a higher proportion of milk within the recipe compared with rival products.
Bournville (1895), near Birmingham, was established by the Cadbury brothers, George and Richard. George and Richard Cadbury chose to transfer the Cadbury factory to this new site to provide their employees with improved living conditions and a country environment that they could enjoy – a far cry from Birmingham's busy, smoky city centre.
Owing to George Cadbury's Quaker beliefs, he sought to provide decent quality homes in a healthy environment which could be afforded by Cadburys workers. The houses were designed by architect William Alexander Harvey. In 1900, Bournville Village Trust (BVT) was founded to administer and develop the village and its surroundings. [2]
In 1893, George Cadbury bought 120 acres (49 ha) of land close to the works and planned, at his own expense, a model village which would 'alleviate the evils of modern more cramped living conditions'. By 1900, the estate included 314 cottages and houses set on 330 acres (130 ha) of land.
Houses at 10-12 Sycamore Road, Bournville, are typical. The village was a low rise development with a good provision of public and private open space. From 1900, development of the village became the responsibility of the Bournville Village Trust. Harvey remained in the Trust's employment until 1904 when he set up his own architectural practice.
George Cadbury was the son of John Cadbury, a tea and coffee dealer, and his wife Candia. [1]The Cadburys were members of the Society of Friends or Quakers.. He worked at a school for adults on Sundays with no pay, despite only going to the school himself till he was fifteen. [2]