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Ironwork is any weapon, artwork, utensil, or architectural feature made of iron, especially one used for decoration. There are two main types of ironwork: wrought iron and cast iron. While the use of iron dates as far back as 4000 BC, it was the Hittites who first knew how to extract it (see iron ore) and develop weapons.
Wrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon content (less than 0.05%) in contrast to that of cast iron (2.1% to 4.5%). It is a semi-fused mass of iron with fibrous slag inclusions (up to 2% by weight), which give it a wood-like "grain" that is visible when it is etched, rusted, or bent to failure.
Modern blacksmiths use scrolls in ornamental wrought-iron work gates and balustrades, and they have formed the basis of many wallpaper designs. Applications of single scroll forms can be seen in the volutes at the head of an Ionic column , the carved scroll at the end of the pegbox on instruments in the violin family (resembling fiddleheads in ...
The triple-storey verandah featured cast iron balustrading; timber columns and ventilation panels; deep wrought iron friezes; and coloured glass insert panels, and was considered by many to be the pinnacle of the Filigree style. [70] [71] [72] The wrought iron frieze panels were manufactured locally by Green's Foundry. [73]
Marble mosaics covered the entire floor and ceiling. The wrought-iron and bronze light fixture over the billiard table was so heavy it had to be attached to the structural beams of the Breakers in ...
Buildings constructed according to the Danly system featured a wrought iron structure, with cast iron connecting pieces and thin, galvanized and embossed iron cladding panels. The panels had edges folded at 90 degrees with holes for the bolts, and featured convex geometrical designs serving both decorative and structural functions. [1]