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Obedience to political authorities in Islam refers to Surah Nisa verse 59, known as the 'verse of obedience' (Arabic: آية الطاعة), which calls for obedience to Allah and the Islamic Prophet Muhammad as well as to the ulu'l-amr or incumbent authorities (rulers and ulama), which is obedience to valid Islamic injunctions.
In Sunni Islam, the verse is linked to Muhammad's appointment of Abd Allah ibn Hudhafa to command a detachment in the Muslim army. [2] The obedience to Muhammad and those in authority is tantamount in this verse to the obedience to God, which the historian al-Tabari (d. 310/923) supports with a prophetic hadith in his exegesis.
Islamic religious leaders have traditionally been people who, as part of the clerisy, mosque, or government, performed a prominent role within their community or nation.. However, in the modern contexts of Muslim minorities in non-Muslim countries as well as secularised Muslim states like Turkey, and Bangladesh, the religious leadership may take a variety of non-formal sha
Marja ' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. ' source to follow ' or ' religious reference ') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank.
Sunni Islam does not conceive of the role of imams in the same sense as Shia Islam: an important distinction often overlooked by non-Muslims. In everyday terms, an imam for Sunni Muslims is the person charged with leading formal Islamic prayers ( Fard )—even in locations besides the mosque—whenever prayer is performed in a group of two or more.
Limiting its political teaching is the fact that the Quran doesn't mention "any formal and continuing structure of authority", only orders to obey Muhammad, [40] and that its themes were of limited use when the success of Islam meant governance of "a vast territory populate mainly peasants, and dominate by cities and states" alien to nomadic ...
Qadi al-Nu'man, a famous Muslim jurist of the Fatimid period, identifies walaya, the concept that God's authority must always have a representative in creation, as the most important pillar of Islam, that “imbues all other pillars with meaning and efficacy.”
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلَافَةْ, romanized: khilāfah) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph [1] [2] [3] (/ ˈ k æ l ɪ f, ˈ k eɪ-/; خَلِيفَةْ khalīfa [xæ'liːfæh], pronunciation ⓘ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim ...