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According to ancient and medieval science, aether (/ ˈ iː θ ər /, alternative spellings include æther, aither, and ether), also known as the fifth element or quintessence, is the material that fills the region of the universe beyond the terrestrial sphere. [1]
Aristotle added a fifth element, aether (αἰθήρ aither), as the quintessence, reasoning that whereas fire, earth, air, and water were earthly and corruptible, since no changes had been perceived in the heavenly regions, the stars cannot be made out of any of the four elements but must be made of a different, unchangeable, heavenly ...
The direct translation of akasha is the word meaning 'aether' in Hinduism. The Nyaya and Vaisheshika schools of Hindu philosophy state that akasha is the fifth physical substance, which is the substratum of the quality of sound. It is the one, eternal, and all-pervading physical substance, which is imperceptible.
Aether (classical element), in medieval cosmology and science, the fifth element that fills the universe beyond the terrestrial sphere; Quintessence (physics), a hypothetical form of dark energy, postulated to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe
Aether, the material element is also mentioned twice in a thirty-two line hymn-like passage to Zeus which was apparently part of the Rhapsodies in which various parts of the physical cosmos are associated with parts of Zeus' body. [46] Line 8 lists things contained in Zeus' body: fire and water and earth and air [aether], night and day, [47]
Pancha Bhuta (/pəɲt͡ʃəbʱuːt̪ᵊ/ ,Sanskrit: पञ्चभूत; pañca bhūta), five elements, is a group of five basic elements, which, in Hinduism, is the basis of all cosmic creation. [1]
For Aristotle, however, the spheres themselves were made entirely of a special fifth element, [7] Aether (Αἰθήρ), the bright, untainted upper atmosphere in which the gods dwell, as distinct from the dense lower atmosphere, Aer (Ἀήρ). [8]
Of the fifth Platonic solid, the dodecahedron, Plato obscurely remarked, "...the god used [it] for arranging the constellations on the whole heaven". Aristotle added a fifth element, aither (aether in Latin, "ether" in English) and postulated that the heavens were made of this element, but he had no interest in matching it with Plato's fifth ...